Acciones de wrongful conception en Chile: una propuesta de fundamentación / Wrongful conception claims in Chile: a proposal for their justification / Ações de wrongful conception no Chile: uma proposta de fundamentação

Resumen: En el presente artículo, los autores tratan el tópico de admisibilidad en Chile de las acciones de responsabilidad civil de wrongful conception o anticoncepciones fallidas. Utilizando referencias hacia la práctica en el derecho comparado y al derecho internacional de los derechos humanos, los autores argumentan a favor de fundamentar su reparación en el derecho a la autodeterminación reproductiva de las mujeres.

Abstract: In this article, the authors refer to the wrongful conception claims, particularly the controversy of their admission in Chile. On the basis of comparative and human rights international law, the authors argue in favor of the women's right to reproductive self-determination as the foundation of their compensation.

Resumo: Neste artigo, os autores abordam o tema da admissibilidade no Chile das ações de responsabilidade civil de wrongful conception ou anticoncepções fracassadas. Com base em referências para a prática no direito comparado e no direito internacional dos direitos humanos, os autores argumentam a favor de fundamente sua reparação o direito à autodeterminação reprodutiva das mulheres.

Dental Hygienists' Awareness of Medical Technician Jurisprudence / 치위생과학회지

The purpose of this study was to assess dental hygienists' awareness of medical technician jurisprudence. The study was conducted over a 2-month period from March 1 to May 1, 2016. A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 201 dental hygienists in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Incheon province. The questionnaire consisted of items on the awareness of the jurisprudence pertaining to medical technician jurisprudence. Data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 19.0 program. We found that 32.8% of the respondents were aware of medical technician jurisprudence. Low awareness that result was due to “insufficient public relations efforts.” The respondents thought that medical technician jurisprudence are inefficient in clinical settings. Of the dental hygienists, 75.9% replied that task distribution was unclear and 40.0% lacked awareness of the distribution of dentists' duties (40.0%). A total of 59.8% of respondents showed intention to participate in medical jurisprudence seminars. Of the dental hygienists, 77.0% agreed with the insert dental hygienists under medical jurisprudence category. In conclusion, dental hygienists' awareness of medical technician jurisprudence should be improved. In addition, the dental hygienist jurisprudence need to be revised regarding job status.

The Origin and Development of Medical Jurisprudence in Xiangya / 法医学杂志

The origin of medical jurisprudence in China can be traced back to as early as 1920s, and since then, the discipline has undergone a great development. This paper, based on the disciplinary development of medical jurisprudence at Xiangya School of Medicine, illustrates its evolution in three aspects covering the scientific and theoretic foundation, legal system and policy support. The current investigation reflected a glimpse of the modern forensic science in China, providing useful historical reference for the development of Chinese forensic science.

La indemnización de las víctimas de riesgos médicos allende los límites tradicionales de la responsabilidad civil / The compensation of victims of medical risks beyond the traditional limits of civil liability / A indenização das vítimas de riscos médicos além dos limites tradicionais da responsabilidade civil

Se parte de una descripción doctrinaria de la noción del álea o riesgo médico, que conduce a identificar los sentidos que adopta, a fin de confrontarla con la noción de la culpa médica. De manera más específica, se intenta también perfilar una noción de error médico que se va posicionando en el derecho médico, no obstante ser objeto de diversos estudios en el campo de la medicina. El objetivo del estudio consiste en tratar, desde la perspectiva del derecho comparado, el problema que comporta la noción del riesgo médico para el terreno de la responsabilidad civil, el cual se abordará a través de un examen de la jurisprudencia comparada, que evidenciará los pasos que se vienen dando en diversos sistemas jurídicos, entre ellos el colombiano, para extender las reglas de la responsabilidad al campo de lo contingente, sin perjuicio del reconocimiento de alguna opción legislativa clara para regular las consecuencias de lo que se viene a conocer por accidente médico.

This article starts with a doctrinary description of the therapeutic alea or medical risk leading to an identification of the senses it adopts for the purpose of confronting it with medical fault or negligence. In a more specific way, it also aims at outlining a notion of medical error that is beginning to take a position in medical law, despite having been the object of diverse studies in the field of medicine. The objective of this study lies in attempting, from the perspective of compared law, to deal with the problem implied in the medical risk notion for the field of civil liability, which will be addressed through an examination of compared jurisprudence examination that would evidence the steps being taken in various juridical systems, including Colombia's, to extend the rules of liability to the contingency field without prejudice to the acknowledgement of a clear legislative option used to regulate the consequences of what has come to be known as medical accident.

O estudo começacom uma descriçãodoutrinária da noção do risco médicas, que leva a identificar os sentidos que adota, a fim de confrontá-la com a noção da culpa médica. De um jeito mais específico, pretende-se também perfilar uma noção do erro médico que é posicionado no direito médica, apesar de ser objeto de estudos diversos no campo da medicina. O objetivo do estudo consiste em tratar, desde a perspective do direito comparado, o problema que comporta a noção do risco médico para o terreno da responsabilidade civil, que se abordará através da examinação do jurisprudência comparada, que demonstrará as etapas dos diversos sistemas legais, entre eles o colombiano, para estender as regras da responsabilidade ao campo do contingente, sem prejuízo do reconhecimento de alguma opção legislativa clara para regular as consequências de aquilo conhecido como acidente médico.

Exploration and practice of discipline construction in medical jurisprudence / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Medical Jurisprudence is an intersection discipline of medicine and Jurisprudence.Luzhou Medical College is the second one that has established jurisprudence discipline ( medical jurisprudence ) in China,and also the first one in the West of China,although college did not get into the subject field in last century.After more than 10 years of exploration and construction,our college has had an innovation way of medical jurisprudence teaching,scientific research,academic exchanges and social service.By integrating the resources in and out of college,gathering excellent talents,setting up reasonable academic team,promoting sustainable development of the discipline,establishing Sichuan Province Medical Jurisprudence Research Center,sponsoring an academic journal Medicine & Jurisprudence,building academic platforms,condensing subject direction,conducting scientific research,serving local economy and society,innovating models,optimizing plans,cultivating medical jurisprudence practice talents,our discipline construction is in the front rank in China,and it has obvious features and advantages,and also has some great influence on the field of medical jurisprudence.

Gestão de riscos: decisões dos tribunais quanto a obrigação dos profissionais da área da saúde / Risk management: decisions of the courts for a professional obligation of the health área

Até o início da década de 90 a legislação que regia as relações entre profissional e paciente não caracterizava o equilíbrio social se considerado o paciente como parte vulnerável dessa relação. Com a promulgação do Código de Defesa do Consumidor essa condição se tornou mais evidente, dando ênfase ao tipo de obrigação assumida pelos profissionais da área da saúde, em princípio se de meio ou resultado. Com um maior número de ações julgadas pelos tribunais, esse modo de classificação da obrigação passou a ser considerada de modo distinto. Este estudo levantou a doutrina atual e 61 jurisprudências e por meio da análise e comparação destas considerou que novos critérios têm sido sugeridos para substituir a classificação dicotômica durante o julgamento de litígios envolvendo profissionais da área da saúde como, individualização de cada caso, acordo entre as partes celebrado pelo contrato e seus anexos e a verificação da culpa. Porém, a natureza da obrigação ainda se reveste de importância para os julgados, já que essa aparentemente influi na condição da defesa do profissional. Dessa forma, independente da adoção da forma classificatória da obrigação ou o abandono dessa por outros fatores, a necessidade de adequação jurídico-administrativa das clínicas como ação preventiva para evitar litígios jurídicos, baseadas na filosofia da medicina ou odontologia baseada em evidências, que fundamenta as ações em informações apuradas através do método científico é o modo preventivo fundamental, já que nas condições revistas os documentos representam importante meio de prova em ações judiciais.

Until the beginning of 90 decade the legislation that mediated the relations between Professional and patient did not characterize to the balance social if considered the patient as vulnerable part of this relation. With the promulgation of the Consumer’s Defense Code this condition became more evident; giving emphasis to obligation type assumed for the professionals of health area, if way or resulted. With a bigger number of actions judged for the courts and doctrines evolution, this classification form of the obligation passed to be considered of distinct form, evidencing other elements to understand the object considered. This study was raised the current doctrine and 61 jurisprudences, through the analysis and comparison of these it considered that new criteria have been suggested to substitute the two classification during the judgment of litigations involving health professionals as, individualization each case, agreement enters the parts celebrated by the contract and its annexes and the verification of the guilt. However, the obligation nature still is armed with importance for the judgeship, since this apparently influences the condition of the defense of the professional. Of this form, independent of the adoption of the obligation classification form or the abandonment this for other factors, the necessity of clinical legal-administrative adequacy as injunction to prevent legal litigations, established in the philosophy of the medicine or odontology based on evidences, that the actions base on refined information through the scientific method are the basic preventive way, since in the reviewed conditions the documents represent important in legal action evidence.

Paul D Choy A Life for Learning / 의사학

Paul D. Choy was born on February 26th. 1896. He spent his childhood in Japan and America, and he returned to Korea when he turned twenty one years old. He graduated from Severance Union Medical College in 1921. After graduating the college, he went to Peking Union Medical College to study parasitology. He came back to Korea after one year as the first parasitologist in Korea. On returning, he took the charge of the clinical laboratory of Severance Hospital. Before long he made another journey for study to Canada. He spent two years in Toronto University studying pathology. After studying pathology, he challenged a new field of medicine. It was medical jurisprudence. He stayed two years in Japan in order to earn his doctorate in medical jurisprudence in Tohoku Imperial College. This time he returned as the first specialist in medical jurisprudence in Korea. His field of study was not confined to medical field. He had deep interest in current situation in Manchuria and Mongol, and wrote a book on this matter. His interest also extended to the history of ancient Korean people. He made extensive studies on this subject, which resulted in publishing a huge work on the origin of Korean people and its ancient history. He was a true pioneer of medicine in Korea and his life was characterized by endless quest for learning.

Rational Reflection on the Construction of Medical Jurisprudence Culture in Medical Universities / 中国医学伦理学

The medical jurisprudence culture is an important aspect of in the culture construction of medical universities.Education of medical jurisprudence culture is instrumental,fundamental and humanistic.In the new era,on the one hand the principle of independence must be adhered to.On the other hand,we also need international cooperation and participate actively in the globalization.We should adhere to the national entity in the construction of medical jurisprudence culture,make full use of the value of traditional Chinese culture,absorb and draw lessons from the outstanding achievement of mankind culture development,and construct an ecological and harmonious medical jurisprudence culture.